Human hemoglobin and animal hemoglobins.

Hemoglobin Richmond, a human hemoglobin which forms asymmetric hybrids with other hemoglobins.

The discovery of an abnormal hemoglobin variant (hemoglobin Richmond) in several members of a Negro family is reported. Structural analyses indicated a replacement of asparaginyl residue G4(102)@ by a lysyl residue, while no other abnormality has been found. Carriers of this hemoglobin abnormality are clinically and hematologically normal; oxygen dissociation curves of total blood and of red ce...

Exchange of heme among hemoglobins and between hemoglobin and albumin.

Intact heme groups undergo exchange between molecules of human hemoglobin under physiological conditions. This phenomenon requires the presence of ferrihemoglobin and is blocked by heme ligands or the prior binding of hemoglobin to haptoglobin. The kinetics of heme exchange between hemoglobins A and F allows a calculation of the rate constants for the dissociation of heme and globin. The rate o...

Identification of human hemoglobins.

IFFERENCES IN THE HEMOGLOBINS of the adult and the newborn have been recognized since 1866 (36). Rapid advances in this field, however, began in 1949, when Pauling and Itano (25) discovered that the hemoglobin of sickle cell disease differs from adult hemoglobin. Since that time, 8 hemoglobins have been identified, hemoglobin C (18) in 1950, hemoglobin D (14) in 1951, hemoglobin E (7, 17) and h...

Hemoglobins in human fetuses: evidence for adult hemoglobin production after the 11th gestational week.

A brief history of hemoglobins: plant, animal, protist, and bacteria.